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TIME: Almanac 1995
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<text id=94TT0807>
<title>
Jun. 20, 1994: Thoughts:A Slow Train Across Russia
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1994
Jun. 20, 1994 The War on Welfare Mothers
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
RUSSIA, Page 47
Thoughts from a Slow Train Across Russia
</hdr>
<body>
<p>By Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, David Aikman
</p>
<p> As Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn embarked on a slow train
journey across Russia with his family, one of the few
journalists with whom he spoke was TIME senior correspondent
David Aikman, who had interviewed the Russian writer in Vermont
in 1989. During their conversations, Aikman made the following
notes on Solzhenitsyn's thoughts about his return home.
</p>
<p> ON THE CONDITION OF RUSSIA: I have discovered with some
satisfaction that people's moods do not seem to be as
pessimistic and apathetic as I might have expected after
observing them from the West. On the contrary, many people have
preserved a great intensity, a desire to act. But they're
disoriented as to what exactly should be done. All of them are
inspired to act by a real dissatisfaction with today's
conditions in the nation and with the way the country is ruled.
</p>
<p> ON CRIME: I realized that the way out of communism might
be tortuous and destructive, but I think no one could have
predicted or imagined the exact forms of it. I have been asked
more than once what concrete proposals I might have, but having
just come back to my homeland, it is too early. But when one
speaks of crime, there can be no two opinions: crime must be
firmly suppressed, or the whole country really will fall into
the hands of the mafia, and the government will become a shadow
government.
</p>
<p> ON THE WEAKNESSES OF RUSSIA'S LEADERS: Some of them do not
understand the situation. Others really do not have the will or
energy to act. But I may add that the main weakness of power
derives from the fact that there has not been a new system of
government and that almost all of the leadership positions in
the country are still in the hands of the previous regime's
leadership, who have only switched their positions within the
political and commercial spheres. They are too tied to the past
and have no interest in moving on to new things.
</p>
<p> The present system cannot be called democracy because it
doesn't express the will of the people. It ignores the
sufferings of the people, and the whole structure still reflects
the form of a barely changed communism. In 1991 we weren't able
to change the system in a revolutionary way, although at the
time it would have been rather easy to do so. Of course, the
current system will change, but it may do so once again quite
painfully while we are looking for another system. History does
not forgive us when we let slip a fatal, critical moment.
</p>
<p> ON THE THREAT OF DICTATORSHIP: The danger lies in the
possibility of discontent continuing to grow among the people
and the inability of the government to fight crime and quickly
remedy the situation. One could anticipate an angry reflex vote
and some sort of enraged popular response.
</p>
<p> ON RUSSIAN NATIONALISM: The four republics of Russia,
Belarus, Ukraine and part of Kazakhstan are linked to us by
millions of ties. That makes the artificial division into states
very painful. I have always said we should never resort to
coercive measures. I cannot predict the future, but I would like
to see a single state formed out of those four states.
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>